Izindleko zamandla okuqhuba imoto kagesi ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi okungenani ziphindwe ka-30 kunentengo yokuqala yokuthenga. Ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okubhekele iningi lezindleko zokuphila konke, uMarek Lukaszczyk womenzi wezimoto nokushayela, i-WEG, uchaza izindlela ezinhlanu zokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwamandla kagesi. Ngokujabulisayo, ushintsho esitshalweni akudingeki lube lukhulu ukuvuna ukonga. Eziningi zalezi zinguquko zizosebenza nge-footprint yakho ekhona kanye nemishini.
Ama-motors amaningi kagesi asetshenziswayo angaba nokusebenza kahle okuphansi noma angalingani kahle ngohlelo. Zombili lezi zinkinga ziholela ekutheni ama-motors asebenze kanzima kunalokho akudingayo, esebenzisa amandla amaningi enqubeni. Ngokufanayo, ama-motors amadala kungenzeka ukuthi abuyiselwe emuva amahlandla ambalwa ngesikhathi sesondlo, anciphisa ukusebenza kwawo kahle.
Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi imoto ilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwephesenti elilodwa kuya kwamabili njalo lapho ibuyiselwa emuva. Ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kufaka amaphesenti angama-96 entengo esewonke yomjikelezo wempilo yemoto, ukukhokhela imali eyengeziwe yokusebenza kahle kweprimiyamu kuzoholela ekubuyiselweni kotshalomali esikhathini sokuphila kwayo.
Kepha uma imoto isebenza, futhi isisebenze amashumi eminyaka, ingabe kufanelekile ukuthola ubunzima bokuyithuthukisa? Ngomhlinzeki wemoto ofanele, inqubo yokuthuthukisa ayiphazamisi. Ishejuli echazwe ngaphambilini iqinisekisa ukuthi ukushintshaniswa kwezimoto kwenziwa ngokushesha nangesikhathi sokuphumula esincane. Ukukhetha izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zomkhakha kusiza ukwenza lula le nqubo, njengoba ukwakhiwa kwefektri kungadingi ukuguqulwa.
Ngokusobala, uma unamakhulu ama-motors endaweni yakho, akunakwenzeka ukuwabeka endaweni eyodwa. Khomba ama-motors asetshenziselwe ukubuyisela emuva emuva kuqala bese uhlela isheduli yokufaka okunye esikhundleni seminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu ukugwema isikhathi esibi.
Izinzwa zokusebenza kwemoto
Ukugcina ama-motors asebenza kahle, abaphathi bezitshalo bangafaka izinzwa ze-retrofit. Ngamamethrikhi abalulekile afana nokudlidliza nokushisa okubhekwe ngesikhathi sangempela, okwakhelwe kuma-analytics wokulungisa okubikezela kuzokhomba izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo ngaphambi kokwehluleka. Ngezicelo ezenzelwe inzwa idatha yemoto ikhishwa futhi ithunyelwe ku-smartphone noma kuthebhulethi. Ngapha eBrazil, isitshalo esisodwa sokukhiqiza sisebenzise lobu buchwepheshe ezimotweni ezihambisa imishini emine efanayo yokuphindaphinda umoya. Lapho ithimba lesondlo lithola isexwayiso sokuthi umuntu unamazinga okudlidliza aphakeme kunomkhawulo owamukelekayo, ukuqapha kwabo okuphezulu kwabenza bakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuqonda, ukuvalwa kwemboni okungalindelekile bekungavela. Kepha ikuphi ukonga amandla kulesi simo esishiwo ngenhla? Okokuqala, ukudlidliza okwandisiwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okwandisiwe. Izinyawo eziqinile ezihlanganisiwe emotweni nasekuqineni okuhle kwemishini kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukudlidliza okuncane. Ngokuxazulula ukungasebenzi kahle ngokushesha, lawa mandla amoshayo agcinwa abuncane.
Okwesibili, ngokuvimbela ukuvalwa kwefekthri egcwele, izidingo zamandla aphezulu zokuqalisa kabusha yonke imishini bezingadingeki.
Faka iziqalo ezithambile
Ngemishini nama-motors angaqhubeki ngokuqhubekayo, abaphathi bezitshalo kufanele bafake ama-starters athambile. Lawa madivayisi anciphisa okwesikhashana umthwalo ne-torque esitimeleni samandla nasekuqhubekeni kwamanje kagesi kwemoto ngesikhathi sokuqala.
Cabanga ngalokhu njengorobhothi obomvu. Ngenkathi ungabamba unyawo lwakho phansi kuphethiloli wegesi lapho ukukhanya kuphenduka luhlaza, uyazi ukuthi lena indlela engafanele futhi ecindezelayo yokushayela - futhi iyingozi.
Ngokufanayo, kwimishini yemishini, ukuqala okuhamba kancane kusebenzisa amandla amancane futhi kuholele ekucindezelekeni okuncane kwemishini ku-motor nas shaft. Ngaphezulu kwempilo yemoto, ukuqala okuthambile kunikeza ukonga izindleko okubangelwa izindleko zamandla ezincishisiwe. Ezinye iziqalo ezithambile nazo zakhele ekusebenziseni amandla okuzenzakalelayo. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwe-compressor, isiqalo esithambile sihlulela izidingo zomthwalo futhi silungise ngokufanele ukugcina ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuncane.
Sebenzisa i-variable speed drive (VSD)
Kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa nge-variable frequency drive (VFD) noma i-inverter drive, ama-VSD alungisa ijubane lemoto kagesi, ngokuya ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kulawula, uhlelo lumane lubambe amabhuleki lapho kudingeka amandla amancane, likhiphe amandla amoshiwe njengokushisa. Esikhathini sohlelo lokusebenza lwabalandeli ngokwesibonelo, ama-VSD anciphisa ukuhamba komoya ngokwezidingo ezithile, kunokumane anqamule ukugeleza komoya ngenkathi ehlala kumthamo omkhulu.
Hlanganisa i-VSD nemoto esebenza kahle nge-super-premium futhi izindleko zamandla ezincishisiwe zizozikhulumela. Kuzicelo zombhoshongo wokupholisa ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenzisa i-W22 IE4 super premium motor ene-CFW701 HVAC VSDlapho ilingene kahle, inikeza ukwehliswa kwezindleko zamandla kuze kufike ku-80% kanye nesilinganiso sokonga amanzi esingu-22%.
Ngenkathi umthetho wamanje uthi izinjini ze-IE2 kumele zisetshenziswe nge-VSD, lokhu kube nzima ukuphoqelela imboni yonke. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani imithethonqubo isiba nzima. Kusukela ngoJulayi 1, 2021, ama-motors wesigaba sesithathu azodinga ukuhlangabezana namazinga we-IE3, ngaphandle kokungezwa kwe-VSD.
Izinguquko ze-2021 nazo zibambe ama-VSD kumazinga aphezulu, nokunikeza izilinganiso zaleli qembu lomkhiqizo i-IE. Kulindeleke ukuthi bahlangabezane nezinga le-IE2, yize idrayivu ye-IE2 ingameleli ukusebenza ngokulingana kwemoto ye-IE2 - lawa amasistimu wokulinganisa ahlukile.
Wasebenzise ngokugcwele ama-VSD
Ukufaka i-VSD kuyinto eyodwa, ukuyisebenzisa ngokuphelele kungenye yezinto. Ama-VSD amaningi agcwele izici eziwusizo abaphathi bezitshalo abazi ukuthi zikhona. Izicelo zepump ziyisibonelo esihle. Ukuphatha uketshezi kungaba nesiyaluyalu, phakathi kokuvuza namazinga aphansi oketshezi, kuningi okungahamba kabi. Ukulawulwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kunika amandla ukusetshenziswa okuthe xaxa kwama-motors ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhiqiza nokutholakala koketshezi.
Ukutholwa kwepayipi okuzenzakalelayo okuphukile ku-VSD kungakhomba izindawo ezivuza uketshezi futhi kulungise ukusebenza kwezimoto ngokufanele. Ngokwengeziwe, ukutholwa kwempompo eyomile kusho ukuthi uma uketshezi luphela, imoto iyenziwa ingasebenzi futhi kukhishwe isexwayiso sepompo esomile. Kuzo zombili izimo, imoto inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwamandla lapho kudingeka amandla amancane ukuphatha izinsiza ezikhona.
Uma usebenzisa ama-motors amaningi kuhlelo lokusebenza lwepompo, i-jockey pump control nayo ingakwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-motors ahlukahlukene. Kungenzeka ukuthi isidingo sidinga nje ukuthi kusetshenziswe imoto encane, noma inhlanganisela yemoto encane futhi enkulu. IPump Genius inika ukuguquguquka okuthe xaxa kokusebenzisa imoto elingene kahle ngezinga lokugeleza elinikeziwe.
Ama-VSD angenza ngisho nokuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo kwesiphepheli semoto, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla kwenziwa ngokungaguquguquki. Lokhu kugcina imoto isesimweni esihle esinemiphumela emihle ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla.
Uma ungajabuli ukukhokha izikhathi ezingama-30 intengo yemoto kwizikweletu zamandla ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi, sekuyisikhathi sokwenza ezinye zalezi zinguquko. Ngeke zenzeke ngobusuku obubodwa, kepha uhlelo lwamasu olubhekise amaphuzu akho obuhlungu angasebenzi kahle luzoholela ezinzuzweni ezinkulu zokusebenzisa amandla.
Isikhathi Iposi: Nov-09-2020